วันเสาร์ที่ 6 ตุลาคม พ.ศ. 2555

6000000 and the Abel Prize [video] | @GrrlScientist

there in the structure of luck? According to a mathematical proof published in 2012, winner of the Abel Prize, Endre Szemerédi, yes, there

I can not believe they did not tell you about it before, so I'll remedy that situation right now. There are several international awards for mathematics: the Fields Medal is awarded every four years to two, three, or four mathematicians under the age of 40. The other is the Abel Prize, which is awarded annually by the King of Norway to one or more calculations for a career outstanding scientific work in the field of mathematics, and comes with a cash prize of NOK 6 million ( over 1 million U.S. dollars). Since the Abel Prize has no age restrictions, like the Nobel Prize, and is therefore often referred to as the "Nobel Prize of Mathematics". In fact, the original inspiration for the Nobel Prize was Abel: When you learned that Alfred Nobel did not intend to launch a prize for mathematics, the Abel Prize was created to fill the void.

Unfortunately, much time has elapsed before the mathematics prize was created. However, since 2003, the prize was first awarded by the Norwegian government, and (fortunately) still receives annually. The award aims to advertise for mathematics, so that the discipline's most prestigious, especially for young people.

Abel this year was awarded to Hungary and American mathematician Endre Szemerédi, "for his fundamental contributions to discrete mathematics and theoretical computer science [more than 200 articles published in a variety of fields], and recognition of the profound and lasting impact of these contributions in additive number theory and ergodic theory. " Ergodic theory applies to the behavior of dynamic systems, where "almost all points of a subset of the phase space may examine all." (In fact, I think that the ergodic theory mathematical explanation of why, for example, human beings are doomed to repeat our past history, but it may not actually be what you mean at all. But I digress.)

A mathematical proof

important that the teacher Szemerédi published shows that there is a structure to randomness. It certainly seems contradictory, since the definition of chance is based on

missing

Structure

or repetition.

But offer you: write a sequence of integers that you think is random, then look carefully and you'll see a sort of mathematical model. For example, we choose a set of integers between 1 and 15:

1, 4, 6, 7, 10, 14

We can see that 1, 4, 7 and 10 form an arithmetic progression, where the difference between these figures is the same (3). Knowing this, we'll go back and choose intentionally numbers where no discernible pattern of differences between them:

1, 2, 4,

on the basis of these figures, we can choose 6 ...


  • 1, 2, 4, 5,
  • and now we can not choose between 7 or 8 ...

    So as you can see, the choice of a series of random numbers, numbers that have no discernible pattern, is not trivial. In fact, as shown Szemerédi theorem, it is impossible.


    If it is not interesting enough for you, as an independent information, it is not really practical for daily test. Many of us use credit cards or online banking to pay bills and buy things. How can we be sure that our data (and money!) Is it safe? One way to do this is to use the RSA cryptography. Basically, when you or I communicate online with our bank or credit card issuer, our instructions are transformed into what looks like a series of digital gibberish so that only the intended recipient - the bank - you can read it. This message usually includes an encryption key can be encrypted if it is only a third party can understand the message and the key, and decode it. Which is bad news for you because you will be stuck with a huge bill!

    But RSA cryptography has solved this problem by using prime numbers - often very large prime numbers - the key messages. Primes complicate this scenario because they are a small subset of the regular issues that are rare and unpredictable, which makes it difficult to guess. The bank is a prime number, then the account holder to another. It is only by knowing the person two numbers can effectively communicate with the bank - and the bank knows that the two numbers. Since primes are rare and unpredictable, even when the data flow between the account owner and the bank is captured by a third party, the task of identifying

    that

    number first in the packaging is the key account holder digital is very difficult, if this method works so well.
    In this interesting video, learn more about what is random, and as a professor Szemerédi proved that the chance that we understand, has a structure and therefore has no real existence:


    Find best price for : --Prize----Green----Gowers----Endre----Abel--
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